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Difference between CHAR and NCHAR in MySQL

Q

What Are the Differences between CHAR and NCHAR in MySQL?

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A

Both CHAR and NCHAR are fixed length string data types. But they have the following differences:

CHAR's full name is CHARACTER.
NCHAR's full name is NATIONAL CHARACTER.
By default, CHAR uses ASCII character set. So 1 character is always stored as 1 byte.
By default, NCHAR uses Unicode character set. NCHAR data are stored in UTF8 format. So 1 character could be stored as 1 byte or upto 4 bytes.
Both CHAR and NCHAR columns are defined with fixed lengths in units of characters.

The following column definitions are the same:

CREATE TABLE faq (Title NCHAR(80));
CREATE TABLE faq (Title NATIONAL CHAR(80));
CREATE TABLE faq (Title NATIONAL CHARACTER(80));
CREATE TABLE faq (Title CHAR(80) CHARACTER SET utf8);
CREATE TABLE faq (Title CHARACTER(80) CHARACTER SET utf8);

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