General MySQL Oracle SQL Server

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Run PL/SQL Statements in SQL*Plus in Oracle
How To Run PL/SQL Statements in SQL*Plus in Oracle? If you want to run a single PL/SQL statement in SQL*Plus, you need to use the EXECUTE command as shown in the following tutorial example: SQL&gt; SET SERVEROUTPUT ON SQL&gt; EXECUTE DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Welcome to FYIcenter!') Welcome to F... 2020-07-22, 3313🔥, 0💬

What Is a Connect Identifier in Oracle
What Is a Connect Identifier in Oracle? A "connect identifier" is an identification string of a single set of connection information to a specific target database instance on a specific Oracle server. Connect identifiers are defined and stored in a file called tnsnames.ora located in $ORACLE_HOME/ne... 2020-08-13, 3310🔥, 0💬

Call Procedure or Function Recursively in Oracle
Can Sub Procedure/Function Be Called Recursively in Oracle? PL/SQL allows sub procedures or functions to be called recursively. The tutorial example below shows you how to calculate factorial values with a recursive sub function: SQL&gt; CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE FACTORIAL_TEST AS 2 FUNCTION F... 2018-03-18, 3308🔥, 0💬

Windows Applications Connect to Oracle Servers in Oracle
How Can Windows Applications Connect to Oracle Servers in Oracle? A Windows application can connect to an Oracle server directly, if it knows how to use the Oracle TNS technology. A Windows application can connect to an Oracle server indirectly through Windows ODBC manager, because it offers ODBC dr... 2016-10-15, 3298🔥, 0💬

Indexes for the PRIMARY KEY Column in Oracle
What Is an Index Associated with a Constraint in Oracle? An index associated with a constraint because this constraint is required to have an index. There are two types of constraints are required to have indexes: UNIQUE and PRIMARY KEY. When you defines a UNIQUE or PRIMARY KEY constraint in a table... 2019-05-01, 3288🔥, 0💬

Create a Stored Function in Oracle
How To Create a Stored Function in Oracle? A stored function is a function with a specified name and stored into the current database. If you want to create a stored function, you can use the CREATE FUNCTION statement. The example script below creates a stored procedure: SQL&gt; CREATE OR REPLAC... 2018-11-11, 3287🔥, 0💬

What Is System Global Area in Oracle
What Is System Global Area (SGA) in Oracle? The System Global Area (SGA) is a memory area that contains data shared between all database users such as buffer cache and a shared pool of SQL statements. The SGA is allocated in memory when an Oracle database instance is started, and any change in the v... 2020-07-07, 3285🔥, 0💬

Memory Usage of 10g XE Server in Oracle
How Much Memory Your 10g XE Server Is Using in Oracle? Your 10g XE Server is using about 180MB of memory even there is no users on the server. The server memory usage is displayed on your server home page, if you log in as SYSTEM.   ⇒ Start 10g XE Server from Command Line in Oracle ⇐ Start 10g XE S... 2020-10-10, 3272🔥, 0💬

What Is a Recycle Bin in Oracle
What Is a Recycle Bin in Oracle? Recycle bin is a logical storage to hold the tables that have been dropped from the database, in case it was dropped in error. Tables in recycle bin can be recovered back into database by the Flashback Drop action. Oracle database recycle save the same purpose as the... 2020-10-26, 3270🔥, 0💬

Reset Lost SYSTEM Password in Oracle
What To Do If DBA Lost the SYSTEM Password in Oracle? If the DBA lost the password of the SYSTEM user account, he/she can go to the Oracle server machine, and run SQL*Plus on server locally with the operating system authentication method to gain access to the database. The tutorial exercise below sh... 2020-08-13, 3263🔥, 0💬

Assign Query Results to Variables in Oracle
How To Assign Query Results to Variables in Oracle? If you want to assign results from SELECT statements to variables, you can use the INTO clause, which an extension of SELECT statements for PL/SQL. The sample code below shows some good example on INTO clause: DECLARE total NUMBER; now DATE; fname ... 2018-09-24, 3262🔥, 0💬

What Is a SQL*Loader Control File in Oracle
What Is a SQL*Loader Control File in Oracle? A SQL*Loader control file a text that defines how data files should be loaded into the database. It allows you to specify: Where is the input data file. The format of the input date file. The target table where the data should be loaded. How input data fi... 2016-11-27, 3258🔥, 0💬

What Is Oracle Database 10g Express Edition in Oracle
What Is Oracle Database 10g Express Edition in Oracle? Based on Oracle Web site: Oracle Database 10g Express Edition (Oracle Database XE) is an entry-level, small-footprint database based on the Oracle Database 10g Release 2 code base that's free to develop, deploy, and distribute; fast to download;... 2020-05-15, 3244🔥, 0💬

Database Table: Rows of Columns in Oracle
What Is a Database Table in Oracle? A database table is a basic unit of data logical storage in an Oracle database. Data is stored in rows and columns. You define a table with a table name, such as employees, and a set of columns. You give each column a column name, such as employee_id, last_name, a... 2019-06-01, 3244🔥, 0💬

Use Multiple Columns in GROUP BY in Oracle
Can Multiple Columns Be Used in GROUP BY in Oracle? You can use multiple columns in the GROUP BY clause as shown in the following example. It returns how many employees are having the same salary in each department: SQL&gt; SELECT department_id, salary, count(*) 2 FROM employees GROUP BY departm... 2019-10-27, 3236🔥, 0💬

What Is NULL Value in Oracle
What Is NULL Value in Oracle? NULL is a special value representing "no value" in all data types. NULL can be used on in operations like other values. But most operations has special rules when NULL is involved. The tutorial exercise below shows you some examples: SET NULL 'NULL'; -- Make sure NULL i... 2019-12-02, 3226🔥, 0💬

What Is a Server Parameter File in Oracle
What Is a Server Parameter File in Oracle? A server parameter file is a binary file that acts as a repository for initialization parameters. The server parameter file can reside on the machine where the Oracle database server executes. Initialization parameters stored in a server parameter file are ... 2020-07-07, 3222🔥, 0💬

Set Up Breakpoints in Debug Mode in Oracle
How To Set Up Breakpoints in Debug Mode in Oracle? To debug a stored procedure, you need to set breakpoints at different statements in the code block, so that execution will be stopped at the statement marked with a breakpoint. When execution is stopped, you can then investigate different variables ... 2018-12-26, 3220🔥, 0💬

Create an Array in PL/SQL in Oracle
How To Create an Array in PL/SQL in Oracle? If you want create an array data structure, you can use the collection type VARRAY. VARRAY stands for Variable Array. Here is a sample script on how to use VARRAY: SQL&gt; set serveroutput on; SQL&gt; DECLARE 2 TYPE list IS VARRAY(3) OF VARCHAR(16)... 2019-03-08, 3204🔥, 0💬

What Are Named Parameters in Oracle
What Are Named Parameters in Oracle? Named parameters are actual parameters specified not by position but by providing formal parameter names when calling the procedure or function. The main advantage of named parameters is that the caller don't have to remember the position of each parameter. But t... 2018-10-13, 3190🔥, 0💬

Limitations of Oracle Database 10g XE in Oracle
What Are the Limitations of Oracle Database 10g XE in Oracle? Oracle Database XE is free for runtime usage with the following limitations: Supports up to 4GB of user data (in addition to Oracle system data) Single instance only of Oracle Database XE on any server May be installed on a multiple CPU s... 2020-05-05, 3186🔥, 0💬

Create a Test Table for Transaction Testing in Oracle
How To Create a Test Table for Transaction Testing in Oracle? If you want to practice DML statements, you should create a testing table as shown in the script below: &gt;cd (OracleXE home directory) &gt;.\bin\sqlplus /nolog SQL&gt; connect HR/fyicenter Connected. SQL&gt; CREATE TABLE... 2019-09-04, 3173🔥, 0💬

Insert Multiple Rows with 1 INSERT Statement in Oracle
How To Insert Multiple Rows with One INSERT Statement in Oracle? If you want to insert multiple rows with a single INSERT statement, you can use a subquery instead of the VALUES clause. Rows returned from the subquery will be inserted the target table. The following tutorial exercise gives a good ex... 2020-01-29, 3171🔥, 0💬

Load Data with SQL*Loader in Oracle
How To Load Data with SQL*Loader in Oracle? Let's say you have a table defined as: CREATE TABLE student (id NUMBER(5) PRIMARY KEY, first_name VARCHAR(80) NOT NULL, last_name VARCHAR(80) NOT NULL, birth_date DATE NOT NULL, social_number VARCHAR(80) UNIQUE NOT NULL); There is an input data file stored... 2016-11-27, 3170🔥, 0💬

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General MySQL Oracle SQL Server