How to detect the character set name associated to a given character string using the CHARSET() function?

CHARSET(str) is a MySQL built-in function that returns the character set name associated to a given character string. A character set name refers to a set of rules to encode a set of characters into byte sequences. For example:

SELECT CHARSET('FYI');
  -- +----------------+
  -- | CHARSET('FYI') |
  -- +----------------+
  -- | utf8           |
  -- +----------------+

SELECT CHARSET(CONVERT('FYI' USING latin1));
  -- +--------------------------------------+
  -- | CHARSET(CONVERT('FYI' USING latin1)) |
  -- +--------------------------------------+
  -- | latin1                               |
  -- +--------------------------------------+

CREATE TABLE MyTable (comment CHAR(80) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4);
INSERT INTO MyTable (comment) VALUES ('I like it!'); 
INSERT INTO MyTable (comment) VALUES ('Good job1'); 

SELECT comment, CHARSET(comment) FROM MyTable;
  -- +------------+------------------+
  -- | comment    | CHARSET(comment) |
  -- +------------+------------------+
  -- | I like it! | utf8mb4          |
  -- | Good job1  | utf8mb4          |
  -- +------------+------------------+

Reference information of the CHARSET() function:

CHARSET(str): name
  Returns the character set name associated to a given character string.

Arguments, return value and availability:
  str: Required. The character string to be examined.
  name: Return value. The character set name. 
  Available since MySQL 4.0.

Related MySQL functions:

• CHARSET() - Detecting Character Set Name
• COLLATION() - Detecting Character Collation Name
• COERCIBILITY() - Character Collation Coercibility

⇒ COERCIBILITY() - Character Collation Coercibility

⇐ CHARACTER_LENGTH() - Synonym for CHAR_LENGTH()

⇑ MySQL Functions on Character String Values

⇑⇑ MySQL Function References