General MySQL Oracle SQL Server

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What Is a Transaction in Oracle
What Is a Transaction in Oracle? A transaction is a logical unit of work requested by a user to be applied to the database objects. Oracle server introduces the transaction concept to allow users to group one or more SQL statements into a single transaction, so that the effects of all the SQL statem... 2019-09-16, 2864🔥, 0💬

What Is Oracle Server Autotrace in Oracle
What Is Oracle Server Autotrace in Oracle? Autotrace is Oracle server feature that generates two statement execution reports very useful for performance tuning: Statement execution path - Shows you the execution loop logic of a DML statement. Statement execution statistics - Shows you various execut... 2020-06-08, 2863🔥, 0💬

Numeric Comparison Operations in Oracle
What Are the Numeric Comparison Operations in Oracle? PL/SQL supports 6 basic numeric comparison operations as shown in the following sample script: PROCEDURE proc_comparison AS res BOOLEAN; BEGIN res := 1 = 2; res := 1 &lt; 2; res := 1 &gt; 2; res := 1 &lt;= 2; res := 1 &gt;= 2; res... 2018-08-06, 2855🔥, 0💬

Rename a Tablespace in Oracle
How To Rename a Tablespace in Oracle? You can easily rename a tablespace by using the ALTER TABLESPACE ... RENAME TO statement as shown in the example below: SQL&gt; CREATE TABLESPACE my_space 2 DATAFILE '/temp/my_space.dbf' SIZE 10M; Tablespace created. SQL&gt; ALTER TABLESPACE my_space REN... 2019-04-13, 2854🔥, 0💬

Pass a Parameter to a Cursor in Oracle
How To Pass a Parameter to a Cursor in Oracle? When you define a cursor, you can set a formal parameter in the cursor. The formal parameter will be replaced by an actual parameter in the OPEN cursor statement. Here is a good example of a cursor with two parameters: CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE FYI_CE... 2018-07-18, 2853🔥, 0💬

Sort Query Output in Descending Order in Oracle
How To Sort Query Output in Descending Order in Oracle? If you want to sort a column in descending order, you can specify the DESC keyword in the ORDER BY clause. The following SELECT statement first sorts the department in descending order, then sorts the salary in ascending order: SQL&gt; SELE... 2019-12-19, 2852🔥, 0💬

What Is an External Table in Oracle
What Is an External Table in Oracle? An external table is a table defined in the database with data stored outside the database. Data of an external table is stored in files on the operating systems. Accessing data of external tables are done through data access drivers. Currently, Oracle supports t... 2016-11-27, 2852🔥, 0💬

Simplest Tool to Run Commands on Oracle Server in Oracle
What Is the Simplest Tool to Run Commands on Oracle Servers in Oracle? The simplest tool to connect to an Oracle server and run commands to manage data is SQL*Plus. It is an Oracle database client tool that works as a command-line user interface to the database server. SQL*Plus allows you: Format, p... 2018-06-27, 2851🔥, 0💬

Recover a Dropped Table in Oracle
How To Recover a Dropped Table in Oracle? If you accidentally dropped a table, can you recover it back? The answer is yes, if you have the recycle bin feature turned on. You can use the FLASHBACK TABLE ... TO BEFORE DROP statement to recover a dropped table from the recycle bin as shown in the follo... 2019-05-14, 2850🔥, 0💬

PL/SQL Procedure in Oracle
What Is a Procedure in Oracle? A procedure is a named program unit. It consists of three parts: Declaration Part - Defining the procedure name, calling parameters, local variables and local procedures. Declaration part is required. Execution Part - Defining execution logic with executable statements... 2018-11-29, 2847🔥, 0💬

System Defined User Roles in Oracle
What Are the System Predefined User Roles in Oracle? Oracle 10g XE comes with 3 predefined roles: CONNECT - Enables a user to connect to the database. Grant this role to any user or application that needs database access. RESOURCE - Enables a user to create certain types of schema objects in his own... 2019-07-30, 2846🔥, 0💬

Use Subqueries with the IN Operator in Oracle
How To Use Subqueries with the IN Operator in Oracle? A subquery can be used with the IN operator as "expression IN (subquery)". The subquery should return a single column with one or more rows to form a list of values to be used by the IN operation. The following tutorial exercise shows you how to ... 2019-09-27, 2845🔥, 0💬

Add Another Datafile to a Tablespace in Oracle
How To Add Another Datafile to a Tablespace in Oracle? If you created a tablespace with a data file a month ago, now 80% of the data file is used, you should add another data file to the tablespace. This can be done by using the ALTER TABLESPACE ... ADD DATAFILE statement. See the following sample s... 2019-04-09, 2845🔥, 0💬

Loop through a Cursor Variable in Oracle
How To Loop through a Cursor Variable in Oracle? Once a cursor variable is opened with a query statement, it will have the same attributes as a normal cursor and it can be used in the same way a normal cursor too. The following sample script shows you how to loop through a cursor variable: CREATE OR... 2018-07-18, 2845🔥, 0💬

General Rules on Data Consistency in Oracle
What Are the General Rules on Data Consistency in Oracle? Here is a list of general rules on data consistency: All SQL statements always work with a snapshot of the database to provide data consistency. For READ WRITE transactions, the snapshot is taken when each statement starts. For READ ONLY tran... 2019-08-19, 2843🔥, 0💬

DROP TABLE Statement in Oracle
How To Drop an Existing Table in Oracle? If you want to delete an existing table and its data rows, you can use the DROP TABLE statement as shown in this script: SQL&gt; connect HR/fyicenter Connected. SQL&gt; CREATE TABLE emp_dept_10 2 AS SELECT * FROM employees WHERE department_id=10; Tabl... 2020-02-20, 2842🔥, 0💬

Create a Test Table for DML Testing in Oracle
How To Create a Testing Table in Oracle? If you want to practice DML statements, you should create a testing table as shown in the script below: CREATE TABLE fyi_links (id NUMBER(4) PRIMARY KEY, url VARCHAR2(80) NOT NULL, notes VARCHAR2(1024), counts NUMBER, created DATE DEFAULT (sysdate)); Table cr... 2020-02-07, 2839🔥, 0💬

Use Subqueries in the FROM Clause in Oracle
How To Use Subqueries in the FROM Clause in Oracle? If you have a query returning many rows of data, and you want to perform another query on those rows, you can put the first query as a subquery in the FROM clause of the second query. The following statement shows you how to use a subquery as base ... 2019-09-27, 2836🔥, 0💬

Use Group Functions in ORDER BY Clause in Oracle
Can Group Functions Be Used in the ORDER BY Clause in Oracle? If the query output is aggregated as groups, you can sort the groups by using group functions in the ORDER BY clause. The following statement returns how many employees are having the same salary in each department. The group output is so... 2019-10-27, 2835🔥, 0💬

Create a New Table by Selecting Rows from Another Table in Oracle
How To Create a New Table by Selecting Rows from Another Table in Oracle? Let's say you have a table with many data rows, now you want to create a backup copy of this table of all rows or a subset of them, you can use the CREATE TABLE...AS SELECT statement to do this. Here is an example script: &... 2019-06-01, 2828🔥, 0💬

Define a Data Field as NOT NULL in Oracle
How To Define a Data Field as NOT NULL in Oracle? When defining a specific RECORD type, you can define a data field as NOT NULL to make sure variables with this RECORD type to always have values in this field. A field defined as NOT NULL must have a default value. Here is a tutorial script showing y... 2018-09-01, 2827🔥, 0💬

Use Group Functions in the SELECT Clause in Oracle
How To Use Group Functions in the SELECT Clause in Oracle? If group functions are used in the SELECT clause, they will be used on the rows that meet the query selection criteria, the output of group functions will be returned as output of the query. The following select statement returns 4 values ca... 2019-11-21, 2825🔥, 0💬

What Is Oracle SQL Developer in Oracle
What Is Oracle SQL Developer in Oracle? Oracle SQL Developer is a new, free graphical tool that enhances productivity and simplifies database development tasks. With SQL Developer, you can browse database objects, run SQL statements and SQL scripts, and edit and debug PL/SQL statements. You can also... 2019-02-18, 2822🔥, 0💬

Run the Anonymous Block Again in Oracle
How To Run the Anonymous Block Again in Oracle? If you have an anonymous block defined in your session, you can run it any time by using the "/" command as shown in the following script: SQL&gt; set serveroutput on; SQL&gt; begin 2 dbms_output.put_line('This is a PL/SQL FAQ.'); 3 end; 4 / Th... 2018-10-30, 2818🔥, 0💬

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General MySQL Oracle SQL Server