General MySQL Oracle SQL Server

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Load Data with SQL*Loader in Oracle
How To Load Data with SQL*Loader in Oracle? Let's say you have a table defined as: CREATE TABLE student (id NUMBER(5) PRIMARY KEY, first_name VARCHAR(80) NOT NULL, last_name VARCHAR(80) NOT NULL, birth_date DATE NOT NULL, social_number VARCHAR(80) UNIQUE NOT NULL); There is an input data file stored... 2016-11-27, 3533🔥, 0💬

Differences between CHAR and NCHAR in Oracle
What Are the Differences between CHAR and NCHAR in Oracle? Both CHAR and NCHAR are fixed length character data types. But they have the following differences: CHAR's size is specified in bytes by default. NCHAR's size is specified in characters by default. A character could be 1 byte to 4 bytes long... 2020-04-25, 3527🔥, 0💬

Insert Multiple Rows with 1 INSERT Statement in Oracle
How To Insert Multiple Rows with One INSERT Statement in Oracle? If you want to insert multiple rows with a single INSERT statement, you can use a subquery instead of the VALUES clause. Rows returned from the subquery will be inserted the target table. The following tutorial exercise gives a good ex... 2020-01-29, 3516🔥, 0💬

Limitations of Oracle Database 10g XE in Oracle
What Are the Limitations of Oracle Database 10g XE in Oracle? Oracle Database XE is free for runtime usage with the following limitations: Supports up to 4GB of user data (in addition to Oracle system data) Single instance only of Oracle Database XE on any server May be installed on a multiple CPU s... 2020-05-05, 3509🔥, 0💬

Create an Array in PL/SQL in Oracle
How To Create an Array in PL/SQL in Oracle? If you want create an array data structure, you can use the collection type VARRAY. VARRAY stands for Variable Array. Here is a sample script on how to use VARRAY: SQL&gt; set serveroutput on; SQL&gt; DECLARE 2 TYPE list IS VARRAY(3) OF VARCHAR(16)... 2019-03-08, 3494🔥, 0💬

Disk Space Needed for an Export Job in Oracle
How To Estimate Disk Space Needed for an Export Job in Oracle? If you just want to know how much disk space for the dump without actually exporting any data, you can use the ESTIMATE_ONLY=y parameter on the expdp command. The following tutorial exercise shows you how a system user wants to see the d... 2016-10-15, 3485🔥, 0💬

Quickest Way to Export Data to a Flat File in Oracle
What Is the Quickest Way to Export a Table to a Flat File in Oracle? The quickest way to export a table to a flat file is probably to use the SQL*Plus SPOOL command. It allows you to record SELECT query result to a text file on the operating system. The following tutorial exercise shows you how cont... 2018-06-27, 3468🔥, 0💬

What Is an Initialization Parameter File in Oracle
What Is an Initialization Parameter File in Oracle? An initialization parameter file is a text file that contains a list of initialization parameters. The file should be written in the client's default character set. Sample initialization parameter files are provided on the Oracle distribution mediu... 2020-07-07, 3462🔥, 0💬

Concatenate Two Text Values in Oracle
How To Concatenate Two Text Values in Oracle? There are two ways to concatenate two text values together: CONCAT() function. '||' operation. Here is some examples on how to use them: SELECT 'FYI' || 'Center' || '.com' FROM DUAL; FYICenter.com SELECT CONCAT('FYICenter','.com') FROM DUAL; FYICenter.co... 2019-12-02, 3459🔥, 0💬

Differences between INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH and INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND in Oracle
What Are the Differences between INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH and INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND in Oracle? The main differences between INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH and INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND are: INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH stores values as time intervals at the month level. INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND stores values as time in... 2020-04-25, 3452🔥, 0💬

Privilege to Create Views in Oracle
What Privilege Is Needed for a User to Create Views in Oracle? To be able to create views in a user's own schema, the user needs to have the CREATE VIEW privilege, or the CREATE ANY VIEW privilege, which is more powerful, and allows the user to create views in other user's schema. The following tuto... 2019-06-29, 3445🔥, 0💬

Managing Oracle Tablespaces and Data Files
Where to find answers to frequently asked questions on Managing Oracle Tablespaces and Data Files? Here is a list of frequently asked questions and their answers compiled by FYIcenter.com DBA team on Managing Oracle Tablespaces and Data Files. Clear answers are provided with tutorial exercises on cr... 2019-04-17, 3441🔥, 0💬

Variable Names Collide with Column Names in Oracle
What Happens If Variable Names Collide with Table/Column Names in Oracle? When a variable name collides with a column name, PL/SQL will use it as the variable if it is used where variable is allowed; It will be used as the column, if it is used where variable is not allowed but column is allowed. He... 2018-09-24, 3441🔥, 0💬

Delete Multiple Rows from a Table in Oracle
How To Delete Multiple Rows from a Table in Oracle? You can delete multiple rows from a table in the same way as deleting a single row, except that the WHERE clause will match multiple rows. The tutorial exercise below deletes 3 rows from the fyi_links table: SELECT * FROM fyi_links WHERE id &gt... 2020-01-04, 3436🔥, 0💬

Create a Test Table for Transaction Testing in Oracle
How To Create a Test Table for Transaction Testing in Oracle? If you want to practice DML statements, you should create a testing table as shown in the script below: &gt;cd (OracleXE home directory) &gt;.\bin\sqlplus /nolog SQL&gt; connect HR/fyicenter Connected. SQL&gt; CREATE TABLE... 2019-09-04, 3424🔥, 0💬

Define a Sub Function in Oracle
How To Define a Sub Function in Oracle? A sub function is a function defined and used inside another procedure or function. You need to define a sub function in the declaration part of the enclosing procedure or function. Sub function definition starts with the FUNCTION key word. Here is a sample sc... 2018-03-18, 3424🔥, 0💬

Export Data to an XML File in Oracle
How To Export Data to an XML File in Oracle? If you want to export data from a table to a file in XML format, you can use the following steps: Right-click the table name, EMPLOYEES, in the object tree view. Select Export. Select XML. The Export Data window shows up. Click Format tab. Select Format a... 2019-01-12, 3421🔥, 0💬

Return Top 5 Rows in Oracle
How To Return Top 5 Rows in Oracle? If you want the query to return only the first 5 rows, you can use the pseudo column called ROWNUM in the WHERE clause. ROWNUM contains the row number of each returning row from the query. The following statement returns the first 5 rows from the employees table: ... 2019-09-16, 3420🔥, 0💬

Understanding SQL Language Basics for Oracle
Where to find answers to frequently asked questions on SQL Language Basics for Oracle? Here is a list of frequently asked questions and their answers compiled by FYIcenter.com DBA team on SQL Language Basics for Oracle. Clear answers are provided with tutorial exercises on data types, data literals,... 2020-05-29, 3416🔥, 0💬

Execution Flow Control Statements in Oracle
What Are the Execution Flow Control Statements in Oracle? PL/SQL supports three groups of execution control statements: IF Statements - Conditionally executes a block of statements. CASE Statements - Selectively executes a block of statements. LOOP Statements - Repeatedly executes a block of stateme... 2019-03-27, 3413🔥, 1💬

Show Dropped Tables in Recycle Bin in Oracle
How To View the Dropped Tables in Your Recycle Bin in Oracle? You can look what's in your recycle bin through the predefined view called RECYCLEBIN. You can use the SELECT statement to list the dropped tables as shown in the following script: SQL&gt; connect HR/fyicenter Connected. SQL&gt; C... 2019-05-14, 3404🔥, 0💬

Perform a Full Database Export in Oracle
How To Do a Full Database Export in Oracle? If you are ready to do a full database export, you can use the FULL=y parameter on the expdp command, as shown in the following tutorial exercise: &gt;expdp SYSTEM/fyicenter FULL=y ESTIMATE_ONLY=y Starting "SYSTEM"."SYS_EXPORT_FULL_01": SYSTEM/**** FUL... 2016-10-15, 3396🔥, 0💬

Creating Oracle PL/SQL Procedures and Functions
Where to find answers to frequently asked questions on Creating Oracle PL/SQL Procedures and Functions? Here is a list of frequently asked questions and their answers compiled by FYIcenter.com DBA team on Creating Oracle PL/SQL Procedures and Functions. It can also be used as learning tutorials on c... 2018-01-27, 3395🔥, 0💬

Add a New Column to an Existing Table with a Default Value in Oracle
How To Add a New Column to an Existing Table with a Default Value in Oracle? If you want to add a new column to an existing table, and insert a default value in this column on all existing data rows, you can use the ALTER TABLE ... ADD statement with the DEFAULT clause. Here is an example script: SQ... 2019-05-25, 3393🔥, 0💬

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General MySQL Oracle SQL Server