General MySQL Oracle SQL Server

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Enter Comments in PL/SQL in Oracle
How To Enter Comments in PL/SQL in Oracle? There are two ways to enter comments into PL/SQL codes: SQL Statement Style: Starts you comment any where in the line but prefixed with '--'. The comment ends at the end of the line. C Language Style: Starts you comment any where in the line with '/*' and e... 2018-12-26, 2620🔥, 0💬

Start the Default Instance in Oracle
How To Use "startup" Command to Start Default Instance in Oracle? If you logged in to the server as a SYSDBA, you start the default instance with the "startup" command. Here is how to start the default instance in SQL*Plus in SYSDBA mode: &gt;.\bin\sqlplus Enter user-name: SYSTEM/fyicenter AS SY... 2020-09-15, 2619🔥, 0💬

ANSI Data Types in Oracle
What Are the ANSI Data Types Supported in Oracle in Oracle? The following ANSI data types are supported in Oracle: CHARACTER(n) / CHAR(n) CHARACTER VARYING(n) / CHAR VARYING(n) NATIONAL CHARACTER(n) / NATIONAL CHAR(n) / NCHAR(n) NATIONAL CHARACTER VARYING(n) / NATIONAL CHAR VARYING(n) / NCHAR VARYIN... 2020-04-14, 2613🔥, 0💬

Login to Server without an Instance in Oracle
How To Login to the Server without an Instance in Oracle? If your default instance is in trouble, and you can not use the normal login process to reach the server, you can use a special login to log into the server without any instance. Here is how to use SQL*Plus to log in as a system BDA: &gt;... 2020-09-15, 2612🔥, 0💬

Change User Password in Oracle
How To Change User Password in Oracle? If you want to change a user's password, you can log in as SYSTEM and use the ALTER USER command as shown in the following example: &gt;.\bin\sqlplus /nolog SQL&gt; connect SYSTEM/fyicenter Connected. SQL&gt; ALTER USER DEV IDENTIFIED BY beginner; U... 2019-07-09, 2610🔥, 0💬

What Is a Directory Object in Oracle
What Is a Directory Object in Oracle? A directory object is a logical alias for a physical directory path name on the operating system. Directory objects can be created, dropped, and granted access permissions to different users. The following tutorial exercise shows you some good examples: &gt;... 2016-10-15, 2610🔥, 0💬

Ways to Start a New Transaction in Oracle
How To Start a New Transaction in Oracle? There is no SQL statement to explicitly start a new transaction. Oracle server implicitly starts a new transaction with the following two conditions: The first executable statement of a new user session will automatically start a new transaction. The first e... 2019-09-16, 2609🔥, 0💬

Use LIKE Conditions in Oracle
How To Use LIKE Conditions in Oracle? LIKE condition is also called pattern patch. There 3 main rules on using LIKE condition: '_' is used in the pattern to match any one character. '%' is used in the pattern to match any zero or more characters. ESCAPE clause is used to provide the escape character... 2020-03-15, 2600🔥, 0💬

Loading and Exporting Data in Oracle
Where to find answers to frequently asked questions on Loading and Exporting Data in Oracle? Here is a list of frequently asked questions and their answers compiled by FYIcenter.com DBA team on Loading and Exporting Data in Oracle. Clear answers are provided with tutorial exercises on saving data as... 2018-06-27, 2600🔥, 0💬

Divide Query Output into Groups in Oracle
How To Divide Query Output into Groups in Oracle? You can divide query output into multiple groups with the GROUP BY clause. It allows you specify a column as the grouping criteria, so that rows with the same value in the column will be considered as a single group. When the GROUP BY clause is speci... 2019-11-21, 2598🔥, 0💬

Privilege to Create Views in Oracle
What Privilege Is Needed for a User to Create Views in Oracle? To be able to create views in a user's own schema, the user needs to have the CREATE VIEW privilege, or the CREATE ANY VIEW privilege, which is more powerful, and allows the user to create views in other user's schema. The following tuto... 2019-06-29, 2598🔥, 0💬

Text Literals in Oracle
How To Write Text Literals in Oracle? There are several ways to write text literals as shown in the following samples: SELECT 'FYICenter.com' FROM DUAL -- The most common format FYICenter.com SELECT 'It''s Sunday!' FROM DUAL -- Single quote escaped It's Sunday! SELECT N'Allo, C''est moi.' FROM DUAL ... 2020-04-14, 2589🔥, 0💬

How Many Anonymous Blocks Can Be Defined in Oracle
How Many Anonymous Blocks Can Be Defined in Oracle? An anonymous block is stored in the user's current session without any name. So you can only define one anonymous block at any time. If you define another anonymous block, the new block will replace the previously defined block, as shown in the fol... 2018-10-30, 2588🔥, 0💬

Transaction Rollback When Session Killed in Oracle
What Happens to the Current Transaction If the Session Is Killed in Oracle? If a session is killed by the DBA, the current transaction in that session will be rolled back and ended. All the database changes made in the current transaction will be removed. This is called an implicit rollback when ses... 2019-08-23, 2585🔥, 0💬

Query with a Left Outer Join in Oracle
How To Write a Query with a Left Outer Join in Oracle? If you want to query from two tables with a left outer join, you can use the LEFT OUTER JOIN ... ON clause in the FROM clause. The following query returns output with a left outer join from two tables: departments and employees. The join conditi... 2019-10-18, 2577🔥, 0💬

Assign a Tablespace to a User in Oracle
How To Assign a Tablespace to a Users in Oracle? When you create a new user, Oracle will assign the SYSTEM tablespace to the user by default. If you want to change this, you can assign a different table space to a user using the ALTER USER command. The following tutorial exercise changes user dev's ... 2019-06-29, 2577🔥, 0💬

What Is a Function in Oracle
What Is a Function in Oracle? A function is a named program unit. It consists of three parts: Declaration Part - Defining the function name, calling parameters, return value type, local variables and local procedures. Declaration part is required. Execution Part - Defining execution logic with execu... 2018-01-27, 2571🔥, 0💬

Invoke the Data Pump Import Utility in Oracle
How To Invoke the Data Pump Import Utility in Oracle? The Data Pump Import utility is distributed as executable file called "impdp.exe". To invoke this utility, you should go to the "bin" directory of your Oracle server installation and run the "impdp" command. Here is tutorial exercise on how to in... 2016-10-15, 2571🔥, 0💬

Categories of Data Types in Oracle
How Many Categories of Data Types in Oracle? Oracles supports the following categories of data types: Oracle Built-in Datatypes. ANSI, DB2, and SQL/DS Datatypes. User-Defined Types. Oracle-Supplied Types.   ⇒ Oracle Built-in Data Types in Oracle ⇐ What Is SQL Standard in Oracle ⇑ Understanding SQL ... 2020-05-29, 2570🔥, 0💬

Start a Specific Oracle Instance in Oracle
How To Start a Specific Oracle Instance in Oracle? A simple way to start a specific Oracle instance is to start the instance with the PFILE option as shown in the following example: &gt;.\bin\sqlplus /nolog SQL&gt; CONNECT / AS SYSDBA Connected. SQL&gt; STARTUP NOMOUNT PFILE=$ORACLE_HOME... 2018-05-08, 2570🔥, 0💬

Invoke the Data Pump Export Utility in Oracle
How To Invoke the Data Pump Export Utility in Oracle? The Data Pump Export utility is distributed as executable file called "expdp.exe". To invoke this utility, you should go to the "bin" directory of your Oracle server installation and run the "expdp" command. Here is tutorial exercise on how to in... 2016-10-15, 2566🔥, 0💬

Start an Oracle Instance in Oracle
How To Start an Oracle Instance in Oracle? This is Step 6. Now you are ready to start the new Oracle Instance without any database. This instance will be used to create a database. Starting an instance without database can be done by using STARTUP NOMOUNT statement as shown below: &gt;.\bin\sqlp... 2018-05-08, 2562🔥, 0💬

Scalar Data Types Supported in PL/SQL in Oracle
How Many Scalar Data Types Are Supported in PL/SQL in Oracle? PL/SQL supports many scalar data types divided into 4 groups: Numeric Types: BINARY_DOUBLE, BINARY_FLOAT, BINARY_INTEGER, DEC, DECIMAL, DOUBLE PRECISION, FLOAT, INT, INTEGER, NATURAL, NATURALN, NUMBER, NUMERIC, PLS_INTEGER, POSITIVE, POSI... 2018-11-17, 2561🔥, 0💬

Open a Cursor Variable in Oracle
How To Open a Cursor Variable in Oracle? A cursor variable must be opened with a specific query statement before you can fetch data fields from its data rows. To open a cursor variable, you can use the OPEN ... FOR statement as shown in the following tutorial exercise: CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE FY... 2018-07-18, 2561🔥, 0💬

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General MySQL Oracle SQL Server